After studying music at what is now the Curtis Institute, in Philadelphia, he went to Europe to pursue a career as a concert pianist, heading first to Berlin and then settling in Paris in 1923.

• 他在费城现今的柯蒂斯研究所所在地学习音乐之后，前往欧洲从事音乐会钢琴家的职业，先是去柏林，之后于1923年在巴黎安顿下来。