But it is the German Aesthetics of Reception and American Reader-Response Criticism that have promoted the reader onto the ontological level of literary studies.

• 读者的问题古来有之，但是读者反应批评却把读者提高到了文学本体论的地位，认为读者是文本意义的来源，文本意义的实现和阐释不能离开读者的积极参与。