Different synthetic routes of squaric acid(3,4 dihydroxy cyclobutene 1,2 dione) are summarized . The limitations and advantages of particular routes are discussed. 29 references are presented.

• 介绍了方酸(3,4二羟基3环丁烯1,2二酮)的各种合成方法,评述了有机化学、电化学、生物发酵等方法合成方酸的进展及应用前景。参考文献29篇。