First, in 1860, came the British and the French who ransacked and burnt down all the garden palaces, destroying and robbing them of the invaluable treasures stored there.

• 第一次浩劫是英法联军于1860年将所有园林宫殿洗劫一空，并付之一炬，毁坏和抢掠珍奇异宝无数。