Herein, we present an extremely rare case of rectal ameboma associated with amebic liver abscess, which can only be distinguished with great care from rectal cancer with liver metastasis.

• 我们在此提出一个直肠阿米巴瘤合并肝脓疡的病例，虽然极为罕见，但是必须非常小心地和直肠癌合并肝脏转移的病人区分。