In 1991 David Sparks and Mark Parmentier, both then at Brown University, proposed an answer rooted in the variable temperature of ocean crust and the uppermost mantle.
英
美
- 1991年,美国布朗大学的斯巴克斯(DavidSparks)与巴曼提耶(MarkParmentier)提出解答,关键就在海洋地壳与地函顶层的温度变化。