In effect, graviton leakage puts tension on the brane, giving it an irreducible warp that does not depend on the density of matter and energy within it.

• 实际上，重力子的渗漏在膜上施加了张力，造成膜上无法消除的时空弯曲，而此弯曲和膜上的物质与能量密度无关。