In polar and cold temperate regions many of the evergreens are shrubs or trees with needlelike or scalelike leaves, adaptations that prevent water loss by transpiration.

• 在两极或寒温带，多数常绿植物是灌木或具针状、鳞状叶片的树，这是一种防止因蒸腾而散失水分的适应机制。