In the 1980s, Mario Capecchi and Oliver Smithies both study(studied) cells in mice to find how to target individual genes for changes.

• 十九世纪八十年代，马里奥·卡佩基和奥利弗·史密斯均开始研究老鼠细胞，希望能发现使单细胞发生改变的方法。