In this elderly man, aspiration caused by swallowing dysfunction (with central or peripheral causes), irritation of the lower airways by a foreign body, inflammation, or cancer are also possible.

• 这个老龄男性病人，由吞咽机能障碍（中枢性或周围性原因）引起吸入，下呼吸道的异物刺激，炎症，或癌也是可能的。