It is worldwide accepted that any insurer who aims to posses and maintain certain amount of automobile insurance market would use BMS (Bonus-Malus system) or so-called NCD system.

• 从世界范围来看,一个在机动车辆保险市场上希望占有并保持一定份额的保险人无不使用奖惩系统或称无赔款优待制度。