Neutered dogs of both genders are at a twofold excess risk to develop osteosarcoma as compared to intact dogs, as well as an increased risk of hemangiosarcoma and urinary tract cancer.

• 绝育的狗狗患骨肉瘤的几率大于没绝育的狗狗，和增加患血管肉瘤和尿道癌一样。