Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of choledochoscopy combined with internal shock wave lithotripsy (ISWL) in treating refractory intrahepatic or extrahepatic biliary tract stones.

• 摘要目的：探讨胆道镜结合体内冲击波碎石治疗难取性肝内外胆管结石的疗效和安全性。