The basic structure of quantum gate is discussed in details. The emphasis is placed on the quantum one-bit gate and the quantum XOR or controlled NOT as the fundamental two-bit gate for quantum computation.

• 详细讨论了量子逻辑门的基本构造 ,重点分析了单比特量子们和异或XOR门的控制受控关系 ,并对异或XOR门作为基本的 2比特量子门的原因作了阐述。 给出了基于单比特量子门和XOR门构建的其它布尔逻辑门的量子电路。