The breakdown of traditional landlord authority weakened the landlord ethic of Confucianism, the age-old beliefs in fate and superstitious beliefs in Buddhas, idols and witches.

• 九、传统的地主权威的崩溃，削弱了封建的孔孟之道、根深蒂固的宿命论以及对神佛、偶像和妖巫的迷信。