The cells and tissues usually die of cryodamage during the freezing process of cryopreservation, and the most direct reason is the ice formation inside and outside of cells.

• 细胞和生物组织在低温冷冻保存过程中，常常会受到低温损伤而导致死亡，其中最直接的原因是细胞内、外冰晶的形成。