The definitive host is the dog but it can also infect cats, wolves, coyotes, foxes and other animals, such as ferrets, sea lions and even, under very rare circumstances, humans.

• 其最终宿主为犬，但亦可感染猫、狼、郊狼、狐狸等其他动物，如雪貂、海狮，在很罕见的情况下也可感染人。