The researchers confirmed many of the estimated redshifts by obtaining very deep spectra of the galaxies with the powerful 10-meter Keck telescope on Mauna Kea in Hawaii.

• 研究人员利用夏威夷茂纳开亚火山上威力强大的10米凯克望远镜（Kecktelescope），取得这些星系的极深光谱，确认了其中许多量测到的红移值。