The serf,in the period of serfdom,raised himself to membership in the commune,just as the petty bourgeois,under the yoke of feudal absolutism,managed to develop into a bourgeois.

• 农奴曾经在农奴制度下挣扎到公社社员的地位，小资产者曾经在封建专制制度的束缚下挣扎到资产者的地位。