The study by Patwardhan et al. (1) examined the care of patients predominantly within stage 4 CKD, as reflected by the mean estimated GFR of 23.6 ml/min.

• Patwardhan等的这项研究(1)主要检查了处于4期的CKD患者，估算的肾小球滤过率(GFR)平均为23.；6ml/min。