There are two alar cartilaginous rings, namely alar cartilaginous fibrous ring and alar cartilaginous muscular ring, in external nose.

• 发现外鼻下端存在鼻翼软骨纤维环和鼻翼软骨肌肉环两个维持鼻孔与鼻下部形态的重要解剖结构。