Therefore, the protein levels and redistribution of ATG5-ATG12 and/or LC3-II conjugates in the membrane fractions are often used as a measure to determine autophagic activity (Kabeya et al, 2004).

• 膜成分中ATG5-ATG12 和/或LC3-II 连接体的蛋白水平和再分布通常被用来衡量自噬活力。