They transduce or convert extracellular stimuli into intracellular signals through a number of signaling pathways, including neurotransmitters, light, hormones, lipids, and proteins.

• 他们通过许多信号途径将胞外刺激转导或是转化成胞内信号，包括神经递质，光，激素，脂质和蛋白质。