This conductive shell slows the transmission of radio waves from the GPS satellites much as water in a glass bends or diffracts the view of an immersed pencil.

• 这层具导电性的大气层，会拖慢GPS卫星无线电波的传输速度，就像玻璃杯内的水会导致铅笔的影像发生弯曲或绕射一样。