This paper aims to analyse in view of the history of culture in translation that the differences arising from translation of Buddhist transcription and the Bible are conditioned by socio-cultural influence.

• 本文从翻译文化史的角度说明佛经翻译、圣经翻译的实践和理论的形成之所以不同,是由于作为各自发展先决条件的社会文化以及思想哲学等方面的不同。