Warpage simulation was based on a modified flat model with surface mesh, which avoided the deficiencies of traditional flat models.Validation was carried out by comparing with application data.

• 翘曲变形模拟在传统的平板壳元模型基础上，提出了基于制品表面网格的改进模型，避免了使用传统板壳模型的缺陷。