With an engineering example,procedures to identify reasons for structural distress and to evaluate the overall safety of building are explained by deductive, probabilistic and rebuttal reasoning.

• 结合具体工程实例，介绍了运用演绎推理、概率推理、反驳推理进行结构损伤原因诊断的步骤和房屋结构整体安全评估方法，对深入开展房屋结构工程质量评估具有重要的指导意义。