Background: Acute lung injury (ALI) is one of the main complications and one of the main causes of death after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in infants.

• 背景:婴幼儿体外循环(cardiopulmonary bypass,CPB)术后肺损伤、呼吸功能不全已成为其主要的并发症与死亡原因之一,婴幼儿CPB术后引起急性肺损伤(acute lung injury,ALI)的发生机制,至今尚未明确阐述。