In 1952 in the austrian towns of Linz and Donawitz, a steelmaking process was established. This was the LD process, which used oxygen gas for the oxidation of impurities in iron.

• 1952年在奥地利的林茨和德那维茨两地诞生了一种炼钢方法。这就是氧气顶吹转炉炼钢法(ld炼钢法)。这种方法使用氧气来氧化铁水中的杂质。