The HBV markers and HBV DNA in poultry sera, Yolk and bovine milk whey were detected by reversed passive hemagglutination assay (RPHA), enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

• 应用反向间接血凝试验（RPHA）、酶免疫测定（EIA）和聚合酶链反应（PCR）测定了家禽血清、卵黄和牛乳清中HBV标志物及人HBV-DNA。