The doctrine, attributed to Buddha, that suffering is inseparable from existence but that inward extinction of the self and of worldly desire culminates in a state of spiritual enlightenment beyond both suffering and existence.

• 佛教佛教教义，认为生存与痛苦是不可分割的，但在超越这两者的精神开悟状态下，可以将我执和世俗的欲望彻底消除