We further show that such an imprint can act as a seed in the evolution of binders that recognize the carrier protein even in the absence of the hapten modification.

• 我们的进一步研究还发现，即便半抗原没有被修饰，这种遗迹仍然能够作为一个信号，诱导可识别载体蛋白的结合物的演变。